Flavonoids:
Compilation and arrangement: Engineer Javidi
Description:
– A combination of more than 6000 different substances, in yellow-red-orange colors, are found in different parts of plants and fruits – Flavus means yellow color in Latin – In chemistry, flavonoids exist in both free and glycosidic forms in nature.
The molecular structure of flavonoids consists of a 3-carbon chain that is bonded with two benzene rings and forms a 15-carbon skeleton.
-Flavonoids are produced by shikimic acid and acetic acid and are formed by condensing phenylpropanoid with 3 malonyl coenzyme A units.
– Almost most plants have a series of cyclic flavonoids, each of which has oxidation or hydroxylation patterns.
Flavonoids are hydrolyzed in the small intestine and have little absorption.
Flavonoids are cleaved by intestinal bacteria in the large intestine and are better absorbed.
– Absorption of flavonoids in the liver takes place for a long time.
– The daily consumption of each person is usually 1 gram per day for flavonoid glycosides.
Flavonoids are called the same as vitamin P.
Classification of flavonoids:
Flavonol-flavone-isoflavone-dihydroflavonol-anthocyanins……
The main properties of flavonoids in the body:
Anti-inflammation-vascular opener-antioxidant-increasing the function of vitamin C-increasing the immune system-antivirus (AIDS and HSV)-strengthening liver tissue and function-regulating blood pressure-anti-atheroma (accumulation of deposits in large and medium arteries)-helping Treatment of PAD (PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE) – helping to treat cardiovascular disease – inhibiting inhibitory enzymes (CSK-COX1-COX2-XO-aldose reductase-PDE) – helping to build collagen – preventing the formation of vermic plaques – cell protection effects after injury see and…
The mechanism of flavonoids in the ability of enzymes:
Flavonoids have many aromatic hydroxyl groups and attach to powerful enzymes (CSK-COX1-COX2-XO-aldose reductase-PDE) and reduce their inhibitory power.
1).C-terminal Sark kinase (CSK) inhibitor:
Flavonides, with the ability of CSK, reduce malignant cells and have a toxic role on these cells. (This enzyme causes tyrosine phosphorylation and increases malignant cells).
2). Inhibitor of lipoxygenase and cycle oxygenase (COX1-COX2):
By inhibiting (COX1-COX2), flavonoids act as an anti-inflammatory, pain reliever, and fever. Like salicin found in the skin of willow and Psyllium…
(Enzyme lipoxygenase and cycle oxygenase, by producing inflammatory mediators (leukotrienes-histamines-thromboxanes) cause inflammation, pain and fever).
3) .Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XO):
By inhibiting (XO), flavonoids act as joint pain relievers and reduce blood urea and against gout and kidney stones. such as kaempferol and quercetin.
(Enzyme (XO) causes hyperuricemia and increases blood uric acid and inflammation of joints and gallstones).
4).Aldose reductase enzyme inhibition:
By inhibiting aldose reductase enzyme, flavonoids help to treat cataracts. Tangerine and quercetin do this.
5). Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzyme inhibition:
By inhibiting this enzyme (PDE), flavonoids prevent the accumulation of platelets and cause thrombocytosis.
– The most common flavonoids:……………
Flavon is apigenin and flavonol quercetin.
Apigenin:
anti-weakness-anti-lowering blood pressure-strengthening hair and increasing blood supply to the head hair bulb-anti-breast cancer
Available in: sage plant (sage-thyme-parsley-chamomile-celery)
Quercetin:
Anti-cancer-anti-virus-strengthening blood vessels-regulating heart function and blood circulation-antihistamine
Available in plants: onion, apple, cranberry, red grape, mustard, horseradish, red and black pepper, spices, broccoli, caper and…
From other flavonoids:……………………………..
–routine:…………………………..
Anti-uremic plaques (edema) in the conjunctiva of the eye-anti-breakage of capillaries-increasing the absorption of vitamin C-helping to build collagen-anti-arthritis-anti-thrombosis-improving blood circulation and…
Available in: Cauliflower-Grape-Cherry-Margaret (Asparagus-Plum-Black olive-Black wheat-Orange-Apple-Fig-Green tea-Comfrey-Amaranth plant-Ginkgo Biloba).
–Baicalin:……………………………..
Anti-inflammatory – found in skullcaps
Salicin:……………………………..
Antihistamine – anti-pain and fever – anti-inflammatory – found in the bark of willow (Plantago psyllium) – and…
–Neptine glycosidic and neptrine:………………………..
Helping to supply blood to the bulb of the scalp-found in rosemary.
–Luteolin:……………….
Helping in the treatment of M.S.-inhibiting metastasis-anti-virus-anti-inflammation-anti-cancer-strengthening blood vessels-strong antioxidant-elixir of youth-reducing liver cirrhosis-anti-diabetes (reducing insulin resistance)-anti-stomach cancer-anti-obesity-regulating alpha apoptosis and …
Available in: Celery – Green pepper – Lemon (Dracocephalum – Artichoke – Thyme – Rosemary – Tea – Chamomile – Olive oil – Parsley – Basil – Kakuti) Ziziphora)-common dandelion-lemon-peanut-carrot and…
– Kaempferol: ……………….
Anti-inflammatory-anti-epilepsy-anti-spasm-help to treat gastric ulcer-anti-cough-anti-tumor-anti-diabetes
Available in: Tea-Brussels sprouts-Grapefruit-Broccoli-Aromatic Ginger-Liquidambar orientalis-Delphinium
– Nomilin, tangertin, nobilitin, nangriin, hespiridine:
Reducing the action of carcinogens in cooking – antioxidant – helping to treat cancer.
Available in all kinds of citrus…
–Sylymarin:……………….
It is a flavonolignan complex.
Repairing liver tissue-anti-hepatotoxicity-preventing the peroxidation of mitochondrial lipids and liver microsome.
Available in milk thistle plant
– Miristin: ……………………..
Antioxidant-antitumoral-improving blood flow (anti-ischemic) and…
Available in: tea-coffee-nuts-parsley-basil-ziziphora-types of berries-red wine and…
Good luck… Javidi
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